Opec Daily Basket
In accordance with this problem, the government also supports some efforts to utilize other alternative energy resources which are appropriate technically, economically, and environmentally, whether they are bio fuel, biogas/gas bio, charcoal briquette and other sources.
In fulfilling domestic energy needs, especially in villages, it is needed to do systematic efforts to implement some alternative energy appropriate for the citizens. Hence, one of mainstay effort is implementing Bio Energi Pedesaan (BEP) program. BEP is biogas in domestic scale.
The effort of fulfilling the energy needs independently (self production) by citizens especially in villages, include citizens in remote area. The implementation of BEP also relates to agribusiness development efforts to improve citizens’ prosperity continuously and environmentally friendly.
For headlining, the purpose of BEP program is the development of self citizens in fulfilling and using bio energy (bio gas, bio mass, and bio fuel) for domestic needs including domestic industry especially in villages.
Biogas
Biogas is a gas produced from decomposition process of organic materials by micro organism in a condition of less oxygen (anaerobe). Biogas can be burnt like LPG; in a big scale bio gas can be used as electricity generator, so it can be used as alternative energy which is environmentally friendly and renewable.
Biogas components:
1. ± 60 % CH4 (methane)
2. ± 38 % CO2 (carbon dioxide)
3. ± 2%N2,O2,H2,& H2S
Energy resource of main biogas: cow, buffalo, pig, and horse dung.
Biogas equivalent with the other energy resources
1m3 Biogas equivalent with: LPG 0,46 Kg, kerosene 0,62 liters, minyak solar 0,52 liters, gasoline 0,80 liter, city gas 1,50 m3, fire woods 3,50 kg. The History of Biogas Utilization in Indonesia
It was introduced in 1970s. By Biogas Development Project funded by FAO, in 1981 was built a biogas installation sample in some provinces. Biogas utilizations were not quite developed widely because of the cheap prize of subsidizes fuel, while the introduced technology needed a high fee because it was in concrete construction with huge size.
In the early 2000s had been developed biogas reactor in small scale (domestic) with a simple construction, made of knockdown plastic and with quite cheap price.
Biogas Advantages
The advantages of biogas are as fuel substitute especially kerosene and used to cook. In a huge scale, biogas can be used as electricity generator. Besides, from biogas production process will produce the residue of cattle dung which can directly be used as organic fertilizer for plants/agriculture cultivation
Biogas Development Potential in Indonesia
Biogas Development Potential in Indonesia is quite big. It is because the large number of cow, buffalo, and horse population that are 11 millions cows, 3 millions buffalos and 500 thousand horses in 2005. Every one cow/buffalo can produce + 2m3 of biogas per day.
Biogas’s Economic Potential
The biogas’s economic potential is very big. It is because 1 m3 of biogas is equivalent with 0, 62 liters of kerosene. Besides, organic fertilizer produced from biogas production process has big economical value.(AK)
Source: Dit.Pengolahan Hasil Pertanian,Ditjen PPHP - Deptan
